{ "schema_version": 1, "dataset_version": "1.1.0", "title": "State of AI Identity Licensing 2026 primary-source dataset", "publisher": "SocialGravity", "published": "2026-09-04", "reviewed_through": "2026-09-05", "methodology_url": "https://socialgravity.ai/resources/state-of-ai-identity-licensing-2026/methodology", "scope": "A bounded review of primary sources that directly address digital replicas, AI likeness permission, advertising disclosure or synthetic-media provenance. It is not a census of every law or contract.", "corrections_url": "mailto:founders@socialgravity.ai?subject=AI%20identity%20registry%20correction", "version_history": [ { "version": "1.0.0", "published": "2026-09-04", "change": "Initial release with 12 primary sources, eight operating controls, methodology, JSON and CSV distributions." }, { "version": "1.1.0", "published": "2026-09-05", "change": "Added the enacted TAKE IT DOWN Act and SAG-AFTRA interactive digital-replica guidance, and updated C2PA from specification 2.2 to 2.4." } ], "controls": [ { "id": "permission", "label": "Permission", "definition": "The source addresses authorization, consent, licensing or a right to control use of a person’s voice or visual likeness." }, { "id": "specific_scope", "label": "Specific scope", "definition": "The source addresses intended-use specificity, contract form, project limits or a requirement for additional approval." }, { "id": "compensation", "label": "Compensation", "definition": "The source addresses payment, wages, residuals, benefit contributions or disclosure of a paid relationship." }, { "id": "asset_control", "label": "Asset control", "definition": "The source addresses access, security, storage, transfer or destruction of a replica or source asset." }, { "id": "disclosure", "label": "Disclosure", "definition": "The source addresses telling an audience that content is synthetic, manipulated, sponsored or otherwise materially connected." }, { "id": "provenance", "label": "Provenance", "definition": "The source addresses machine-readable origin, history, marking, binding, watermarking, detection or signed content assertions." }, { "id": "lifecycle", "label": "Lifecycle", "definition": "The source addresses duration, expiry, termination, additional use, credential revocation or treatment after a permission period." }, { "id": "remedy", "label": "Remedy", "definition": "The source addresses unenforceability, liability, removal, a cause of action or a policy proposal intended to close a legal gap." } ], "authority_types": [ { "id": "enacted_law", "label": "Enacted law or regulation" }, { "id": "proposed_legislation", "label": "Proposed legislation" }, { "id": "government_report_or_guidance", "label": "Government report or guidance" }, { "id": "collective_agreement", "label": "Collective agreement" }, { "id": "technical_standard", "label": "Technical standard" } ], "sources": [ { "id": "usco-digital-replicas-2024", "publisher": "U.S. Copyright Office", "jurisdiction": "United States, federal", "authority_type": "government_report_or_guidance", "status": "Policy report and recommendations, not enacted law", "published": "2024-07-31", "title": "Copyright and Artificial Intelligence, Part 1: Digital Replicas", "url": "https://www.copyright.gov/ai/Copyright-and-Artificial-Intelligence-Part-1-Digital-Replicas-Report.pdf", "finding": "Recommends a federal digital-replica right and says licences should use informed consent, full disclosure of intended uses and limited terms.", "controls": [ "permission", "specific_scope", "lifecycle", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "california-ab-2602", "publisher": "California Legislature", "jurisdiction": "California, United States", "authority_type": "enacted_law", "status": "Enacted, applicable to specified new performances fixed on or after January 1, 2025", "published": "2024-09-17", "title": "AB 2602: Contracts against public policy, digital replicas", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2602", "finding": "Makes a covered contract provision unenforceable for specified new digital-replica performances when intended use is not reasonably specific and the individual lacks the representation described by the statute.", "controls": [ "specific_scope", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "california-ab-1836", "publisher": "California Legislature", "jurisdiction": "California, United States", "authority_type": "enacted_law", "status": "Enacted", "published": "2024-09-17", "title": "AB 1836: Use of likeness, digital replica", "url": "https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1836", "finding": "Adds liability for producing, distributing or making available certain unauthorized digital replicas of deceased personalities in expressive works, subject to listed exceptions.", "controls": [ "permission", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "tennessee-elvis-act", "publisher": "Tennessee General Assembly", "jurisdiction": "Tennessee, United States", "authority_type": "enacted_law", "status": "Enacted, effective July 1, 2024", "published": "2024-03-21", "title": "ELVIS Act, Public Chapter 588", "url": "https://wapp.capitol.tn.gov/apps/BillInfo/Default?BillNumber=SB2096&GA=113", "finding": "Adds voice, including a readily identifiable simulation, to Tennessee’s protected personal rights and extends liability to specified unauthorized uses and distribution.", "controls": [ "permission", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "no-fakes-act-2025-s1367", "publisher": "United States Congress", "jurisdiction": "United States, federal", "authority_type": "proposed_legislation", "status": "Introduced and referred to the Senate Judiciary Committee, not law as of September 5, 2026", "published": "2025-04-09", "title": "S.1367: NO FAKES Act of 2025", "url": "https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/senate-bill/1367", "finding": "Would create a licensable digital-replication right, require a signed writing and reasonably specific intended uses, limit duration and create civil liability for specified unauthorized activity.", "controls": [ "permission", "specific_scope", "lifecycle", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "take-it-down-act-2025", "publisher": "United States Congress", "jurisdiction": "United States, federal", "authority_type": "enacted_law", "status": "Enacted as Public Law 119-12; the covered-platform notice-and-removal requirement took effect May 19, 2026", "published": "2025-05-19", "title": "TAKE IT DOWN Act, Public Law 119-12", "url": "https://www.congress.gov/119/plaws/publ12/PLAW-119publ12.pdf", "finding": "Creates a narrow federal rule for nonconsensual intimate depictions, including defined digital forgeries, and requires covered platforms to operate a notice-and-removal process. It is not a general commercial likeness-licensing statute.", "controls": [ "permission", "lifecycle", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "eu-ai-act-article-50", "publisher": "European Union", "jurisdiction": "European Union", "authority_type": "enacted_law", "status": "Enacted regulation", "published": "2024-07-12", "title": "Regulation (EU) 2024/1689, Article 50", "url": "https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj?locale=en", "finding": "Requires certain providers to mark synthetic outputs in a machine-readable and detectable format and certain deployers to disclose deepfake image, audio or video, subject to the regulation’s exceptions.", "controls": [ "disclosure", "provenance" ] }, { "id": "uk-copyright-ai-report-2026", "publisher": "UK Government", "jurisdiction": "United Kingdom", "authority_type": "government_report_or_guidance", "status": "Government report with a separate digital-replicas consultation announced", "published": "2026-03-18", "title": "Report on Copyright and Artificial Intelligence", "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/report-and-impact-assessment-on-copyright-and-artificial-intelligence/report-on-copyright-and-artificial-intelligence", "finding": "Says replicas can imitate a person’s voice or likeness without permission, identifies gaps in existing protection and announces further consultation rather than a completed licensing rule.", "controls": [ "permission", "remedy" ] }, { "id": "sag-aftra-commercials-2025", "publisher": "SAG-AFTRA", "jurisdiction": "Covered United States commercials work", "authority_type": "collective_agreement", "status": "Collective agreement guidance", "published": "2025-07-01", "title": "Artificial Intelligence under the 2025 Commercials Contract", "url": "https://www.sagaftra.org/sites/default/files/2025-07/Contract%20Bulletin%20-%20A.I.%20and%20Commercials.pdf", "finding": "Describes consent for creation and use, a separate clear writing, reasonably specific intended use, added consent beyond scope, compensation, access security and storage limits.", "controls": [ "permission", "specific_scope", "compensation", "asset_control", "lifecycle" ] }, { "id": "sag-aftra-tv-theatrical-2026", "publisher": "SAG-AFTRA", "jurisdiction": "Covered United States television and theatrical work", "authority_type": "collective_agreement", "status": "Collective agreement with some phased provisions", "published": "2026-05-27", "title": "2026 Theatrical and Television Memorandum of Agreement", "url": "https://www.sagaftra.org/sites/default/files/2026-05/2026%20Theatrical-Television%20MOA.pdf", "finding": "Addresses consent, payment, legitimate-business-need access, security, transfer obligations and use-specific treatment for digital replicas, with some terms phased to later dates.", "controls": [ "permission", "specific_scope", "compensation", "asset_control", "lifecycle" ] }, { "id": "sag-aftra-interactive-2026", "publisher": "SAG-AFTRA", "jurisdiction": "Covered United States interactive-media work", "authority_type": "collective_agreement", "status": "Collective agreement guidance", "published": "2026-02-01", "title": "Interactive Digital Replicas and Consent", "url": "https://www.sagaftra.org/sites/default/files/2026-02/Contract%20Bulletin%20-%20Interactive%20Digital%20Replicas%20and%20Consent.pdf", "finding": "Describes separate written consent, a reasonably specific intended use, per-game compensation and rules allowing performers to suspend consent for generating new material during a strike.", "controls": [ "permission", "specific_scope", "compensation", "lifecycle" ] }, { "id": "ftc-endorsement-guides", "publisher": "Federal Trade Commission", "jurisdiction": "United States, federal", "authority_type": "government_report_or_guidance", "status": "Federal advertising guidance", "published": "2023-06-29", "title": "FTC Endorsement Guides: What People Are Asking", "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/resources/ftcs-endorsement-guides-what-people-are-asking", "finding": "Says endorsements must be honest and not misleading and that unexpected material connections affecting evaluation should be disclosed clearly and conspicuously. It does not grant likeness permission.", "controls": [ "compensation", "disclosure" ] }, { "id": "nist-ai-100-4", "publisher": "National Institute of Standards and Technology", "jurisdiction": "United States, technical guidance", "authority_type": "government_report_or_guidance", "status": "Technical report", "published": "2024-11-20", "title": "NIST AI 100-4: Reducing Risks Posed by Synthetic Content", "url": "https://www.nist.gov/publications/reducing-risks-posed-synthetic-content-overview-technical-approaches-digital-content", "finding": "Reviews provenance, watermarking, labeling, detection, testing and auditing approaches for synthetic content. Those techniques do not establish a person’s permission by themselves.", "controls": [ "disclosure", "provenance" ] }, { "id": "c2pa-2-4", "publisher": "Coalition for Content Provenance and Authenticity", "jurisdiction": "International technical standard", "authority_type": "technical_standard", "status": "Technical specification version 2.4", "published": "2026-04-01", "title": "C2PA Content Credentials specification 2.4", "url": "https://spec.c2pa.org/specifications/specifications/2.4/specs/ContentCredentials.html", "finding": "Defines signed, cryptographically bound assertions about an asset’s provenance and adds repository receipts plus current soft-binding and live-video mechanisms. Validation does not decide whether a depicted person consented.", "controls": [ "provenance", "lifecycle" ] } ] }